Why is the 'Exemption No' field not working for Ship To's outside of U.S. and Canada?

Overview

You are populating the Exemption No field for transactions outside of the U.S. and Canada but tax is still present. You expect no tax. 

Environment

AvaTax

Resolution

• The exemption number field doesn’t work outside the U.S. and Canada, unless a custom tax rule is created to force it to function or use an Entity Use Code. 
• The Buyer’s VAT Number field needs to be populated for international exemptions when there is a VAT country involved (ex. France, Greece, etc).
  • There are some exceptions, see How does the Customer VAT Number field work in AvaTax?